Fourth quarter global RevPAR declined 1 per cent in constant currency compared to 2022 reflecting a 4 per cent decline in the U.S. and growth of 7 per cent internationally. For the full year, global RevPAR grew 5 per cent in constant currency compared to 2022 reflecting a 1 per cent decline in the U.S. and growth of 21 per cent internationally.
The Company had achieved record-breaking RevPAR in the U.S. during the preceding year due to COVID-impacted travel patterns. Comparing to 2019 to neutralize for COVID-impacted travel patterns, U.S. RevPAR grew 10 per cent in fourth quarter - a 120 basis point acceleration from third quarter 2023 growth - and 9 per cent for the full year. Internationally, year-over-year RevPAR growth for both the fourth quarter and the full-year was primarily driven by higher occupancy levels. Compared to 2019, international RevPAR grew in fourth quarter and full-year by 44 per cent and 36 per cent, respectively, on a constant-currency basis.
Operating Results
Fourth Quarter
• Fee-related and other revenues was $320 million compared to $310 million in fourth quarter 2022 reflecting global net room growth as well as higher license and ancillary fees.
• The Company generated net income of $50 million compared to $56 million in fourth quarter 2022. The decrease was reflective of a higher effective tax rate, higher interest expense, foreign currency impact from hyper-inflation in Argentina and transaction-related expenses resulting from the unsolicited offer by Choice Hotels, partially offset by higher adjusted EBITDA.
• Adjusted EBITDA grew 22 per cent to $154 million from $126 million. This increase included a $21 million favourable impact from marketing fund variability, excluding which adjusted EBITDA grew 6 per cent primarily reflecting higher fee-related and other revenues.
• Diluted earnings per share was $0.60 compared to $0.63 in fourth quarter 2022. This decrease reflects lower net income, partially offset by the benefit of a lower share count due to share repurchase activity.
• Adjusted diluted EPS grew 26 per cent to $0.91 per share from $0.72 per share. This increase included $0.19 per share related to the favorable marketing fund variability (after estimated taxes), excluding which adjusted diluted EPS was unchanged year-over-year as adjusted EBITDA growth and the benefit from share repurchase activity was substantially offset by higher interest expense.
• During fourth quarter 2023, the Company’s marketing fund revenues exceeded expenses by $9 million; while in fourth quarter 2022, the Company’s marketing fund expenses exceeded revenues by $12 million, resulting in $21 million of marketing fund variability.
Full Year
• Fee-related and other revenues was $1,384 million compared to $1,354 million in full-year 2022, which included $50 million from the Company’s select service management business and owned hotels, which were exited in 2022. On a comparable basis, fee-related and other revenues increased 6 per cent year-over-year primarily reflecting global RevPAR and net room growth, higher license and ancillary fees and pass-through revenues associated with the Company’s global franchisee conference in September, which was held for the first time since 2019.
• The Company generated net income of $289 million compared to $355 million in full-year 2022, which included $37 million from the select-service managed and owned hotels. The decrease was reflective of a higher effective tax rate, higher interest expense, foreign currency impact from hyper-inflation in Argentina and transaction-related expenses resulting from the unsolicited offer by Choice Hotels, partially offset by higher adjusted EBITDA.
• Adjusted EBITDA was $659 million compared to $650 million in full-year 2022, which included $18 million from the select-service managed and owned hotels. The growth in adjusted EBITDA was further impacted by $11 million of unfavourable marketing fund variability. On a comparable basis, adjusted EBITDA increased 6 per cent reflecting higher fee-related and other revenues.
• Diluted earnings per share was $3.41 compared to $3.91 in full-year 2022, which included $0.40 per share from the select-service managed and owned hotels. This decrease reflects the lower net income, partially offset by the benefit of a lower share count due to share repurchase activity.
• Adjusted diluted EPS was $4.01 per share compared to $3.96 per share in full-year 2022, which included $0.15 per share from the select-service managed and owned hotels. This growth in adjusted diluted EPS was further impacted by $0.09 per share (after estimated taxes) of unfavourable marketing fund variability. On a comparable basis, adjusted diluted EPS increased 8 per cent year-over-year reflecting the adjusted EBITDA growth and the benefit from share repurchase activity, partially offset by higher interest expense.
• During full-year 2023, the Company’s marketing fund revenues exceeded expenses by $9 million; while in 2022, the Company’s marketing fund revenues exceeded expenses by $20 million, resulting in $11 million of marketing fund variability.
Balance Sheet and Liquidity
The Company generated $376 million of net cash provided by operating activities and free cash flow of $339 million in the full-year 2023. The Company ended the quarter with a cash balance of $66 million and approximately $650 million in total liquidity.
The Company’s net debt leverage ratio was 3.2 times at December 31, 2023, within the lower half of the Company’s 3 to 4 times stated target range.
Share Repurchases and Dividends
During the fourth quarter, the Company repurchased approximately 1.7 million shares of its common stock for $127 million. For the full-year 2023, the Company repurchased approximately 5.5 million shares of its common stock for $397 million, at an average price of $72.25, 8 per cent lower than trading levels as of February 13th.
The Company paid common stock dividends of $28 million, or $0.35 per share, in the fourth quarter of 2023 for a total of $118 million, or $1.40 per share, for the full-year 2023.
For the full-year 2023, the Company returned $515 million to shareholders through share repurchases and quarterly cash dividends.
The Company’s Board of Directors authorized a 9 per cent increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.38 per share, beginning with the dividend expected to be declared in first quarter 2024.
Full-Year 2024 Outlook
The Company provided the following outlook for full-year 2024: